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Issue 8

Where is the most extreme archaeology in the world? Try the Eastern Deserts of Egypt. High on the mountain tops is the only source of porphyry, one of the most marvellous and desirable marbles in the world. The Roman emperors fell in love with it, so huge porphyry quarries were opened up, where porphyry was mined on the mountain tops, dragged down the mountainside, hauled up into the desert and then dragged 120km to the Nile. (Taking it down the Nile on a boat, then across the sea to Rome was the easy bit.) The quarries at Mons Claudianus and Mons Porphyrites form one of the unknown wonders of the Roman world, and here you can read all about them.
But the real importance of the site comes as a sideline. The quarries were worked, not by slaves, as expected, but by highly skilled - and highly paid - workmen: there were few, if any, slaves. Much modern theory argues that the Roman world was built on slavery but here the evidence, derived from thousands of messages written on potsherds, suggests not. Those who believe that the Roman Empire was based on slavery must think again.
We then move from the extreme to the exotic: to Korea. The 'golden age' of Korean civilisation came in the Three Kingdoms period from the 3rd to the 9th centuries AD. A tomb has been uncovered which has been called Korea's Tutankhamun: the tomb of King Muryong which miraculously survived untouched since it was sealed up in AD 529. In recent years many other rich tombs have been discovered from the other great kingdoms of this period, and the article ends with a look at a fort that marks the struggles between these great kingdoms.
Where is the oldest city in the world? Ever since the 1960's this title has been claimed by

Issue 8/Features/Korea

Korea: The Silla

The most successful of Korea's three kingdoms…

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Issue 8/Features/Turkey

Catalhoyuk, Turkey

Excavated in the 1960's, could this be the worlds oldest town?…

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Issue 8/Features/Indonesia

Flores, Indonesia

A report on the shock discovery of a new minature species of human, homo floresiensis, who lived on the island of Flores…

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Issue 8/Egypt/Features

Mons Claudianus, Egypt

Two quarries in Egypt's Eastern Desert supplied much of the best building stone for imperial Rome…

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Issue 8/Egypt/Features

Mons Porphyrites, Egypt

Two quarries in Egypt's eastern desert supplied much of the best building material for Imperial Rome…

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Issue 8/Features/Korea

Korea: Gongju,

The discovery of the tomb of King Muryong…

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Issue 8/Features/Korea

Korea: the Gaya Kingdoms

The necropolis of the noble family of the Gaya…

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Issue 8/Features/Korea

Korea: Han Hillforts

Hillforts on the frontier of rival kingdoms…

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Issue 8

Quake Solution

New metal alloy will help prevent earthquake damage to historic sites…

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Issue 8/Spain

Child Birth Problems

Remains of prehistoric woman who died in childbirth discovered…

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Issue 8/Pakistan

Baltit Fort, Pakistan Wins UNESCO Award

Asia Pacific heritage award won by Pakistani site…

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Issue 8/USA

First off the Boat

Archaeologists believe they may have found skeletal evidence for early 17th century settlers in the USA…

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